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Research, information and most images on this page are copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission and full proper acknowledgement.
Works are listed in chronological order. For convenience, works from 1830 to 1865 are divided into five-year intervals.
Works painted within the same year are listed mainly in an alphabetical order by the sitter's name; unidentified sitters and subject paintings are placed at the end of their respective years.
For convenience, portraits of members of the French, Belgian and British Royal Families, painted within the same year, are mainly grouped together in order of seniority and irrespective of their varying courtesy titles.
Undated and attributed works are listed at the end of the catalogue.
Lists of sitters, known exhibitions and bibliography consulted are placed at the end of this publication.
This publication is Research-in-Progress. Comments, additional information and research materials are welcome, and can be sent to the author at:
Mail to: |
PO Box 3226 Prahran East VIC 3181 AUSTRALIA |
Email the author: |
Eugene Barilo von Reisberg |
I would like to acknowledge the kind and ongoing assistance of many private individuals, art collectors, owners of Winterhalter's paintings, descendants of Winterhalter's sitters, museum directors and art curators, and the following institutions:
- The British Royal Collections
- The Belgian Royal Collections
- Fürstlich Fürstenbergisches Archiv at Schloss Donaueschingen
- The Madresfield Estate
- Fürst Thurn und Taxis Archiv Museum
- Cincinnati Art Museum
- Musée du Château de Compiègne
- Musée Condé, Château de Chantilly
- Hearst San Simeon State Historical Monument
- Hillwood Museum, Washington
- 'Iolani Palace, Honolulu
- The J. Paul Getty Museum
- Musée Jacquemart André
- Kiev Museum of Russian Art & Research Library
- La Trobe University Art Museum & Borchardt Library
- Musée du Louvre
- Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
- Musée d'Orsay
- Research Library at the Pechersky Monastery, Kiev
- Philadelphia Museum of Art
- Princeton University Art Museum, NJ
- Rhode Island School of Design, The Museum
- Musée National du Château de Versailles
- State Library of Victoria, Melbourne
- Walters Art Museum, Baltimore
- Württembergisches Landesmuseum, Stuttgart
In many personal ways, I would like to thank Dr Friedrich (Herzog von) Beaufort-Spontin, Ms Sadie Chandler, Mr Charles Nodrum, Ms Sonia Payes, Ms Lee Tierney and many others for their continuing support of this project.
This project is dedicated to the memory of Mrs Maya Barilo.
1805
Born on 20th April in Menzenschwand,
6th child of Fidel Winterhalter & Eva Mayer.
1818 - 1819
Works as an apprentice in Karl
Ludwig von Schüller's studio, Freiburg-im-Bresgau, and makes
engravings and lithographs for the publishing house of Herder;
he's joined there the following year by his brother, Hermann.
1823
Leaves Herder, and after a brief
sojourn in Menzenschwand, moves to Munich, where he lodges at
Ludwig Albert von Montmorillon's; produced engravings and lithographs
for Piloty and Selb.
1824
Joined in Munich by his brother;
receives a study grant and enrols into the Munich Academy of Arts.
1825 - 1826
Studies at the Munich Academy,
and joins the studio of the portrait painter Joseph Stieler; continues
to produce engravings and lithographs, notably portraits of the
Bavarian Royal Family after Stieler; receives an annual pension
from the Grand Duke of Baden.
1827
Travels around Germany studying
art.
1828
Lives in Munich, draws portraits
of his benefactor, Freiherr von Eichtal, and his wife.
1829
Appointed a drawing master to Sophie,
future Grand Duchess of Baden; executes his first portrait drawings
of Sophie and other members of Grand Ducal family.
1830
Moves to Karlsruhe, lodges with
Dr J.A. Wich.
1831
Paints at the court of Baden, portraits
include the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Baden, their children,
and other members of the family.
1832
Paints the Grand Duchess of Baden
with her son, Prince Wilhelm; received a study grant from the
Grand Duke, leaves to study in Italy.
1833
Studies in Rome, address recorded
as Caffe Greco, via Condotta; produces several albums of sketches
and watercolours, and the Roman Genre Scene.
1834
Returns to Karlsruhe in August; appointed Court Painter to
the Grand Duke of Baden and paints the portrait of his daughter,
Alexandrine, the future Duchess of Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha, and
of Freiherr von Eichtal; in December leaves for Paris.
1835
Works in Paris (17 rue des Petits
Augustins); accepted and exhibits for the first time at the Salon.
1836
Works in Paris (15 rue des Petits
Augustins); exhibits at the Salon, paintings include Il Dolce
Farniente.
1837
Works in Paris, exhibits Decameron
at the Salon, paints Mme Delong and her children, Graf Jenison-Walworth
and Prince de Wagram.
1838
Works in Paris (34 rue de Lille);
exhibits among others the portrait of the Prince de Wagram and
his daughter at the Salon, receives his first commissions from
Louis-Philippe, King of the French, and paints Princesse Clémentine
and the Queen of the Belgians with her son. The latter painting
is sent to Queen Victoria as a present and becomes the first painting
by the artist in the Queen's possession.
1839
Works in Paris (1 rue de Labruyère);
exhibits at the Salon; paints the King of the French, the King
of the Belgians, the Duchesse d'Orléans with her son, the
Dukes de Nemours and d'Aumale, the Duke and Duchess of Württemberg;
awarded the Knight of the Légion d'Honneur and the Knight
of the Order of the King Leopold I.
1840
Works in Paris, joined by his brother
Hermann and paints a self-portrait with his brother; paints the
King of the Belgians, the Duchesse de Nemours and the Duchesse
de Vallombrosa; awarded Cross of the Commander of the Order of
King Leopold I.
1841
Works in Paris, exhibits at the
Salon; paints the King of the French, the Queen of the Belgians,
the Queen of Spain, the Maréchal Sébastiani and
Comtesse Duchâtel with her son; Queen Victoria purchases
La Siesta.
1842
Works in Paris, exhibits at the
Salon; receives his first commission from Queen Victoria and travels
to London to paint the Queen and Prince Albert; also paint the
Queen of the French, Madame Adélaïde, the Duc d'Orléans,
the Comte de Paris, and the Duchess of Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha.
1843
Works in Paris and London, exhibits
at the Salon; paints state portraits of Queen Victoria and Prince
Albert, also paints the Duchess of Kent, the Duke de Nemours,
the Prince de Joinville, the Duke of Beaufort and the Fürstin
zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn.
1844
Works in Paris (29 rue Notre-Dame-de-Lorette)
and London, exhibits at the Salon; paints the large-scale Reception
of King Louis-Philippe at Windsor Castle, paints children
of the King and Queen of the Belgians, Princesse de Joinville
and Duc de Montpensier.
1845
Works in Paris and London, paints
Louis Philippe Receiving Queen Victoria at the Château
d'Eu, also paints the King of the French, Queen Victoria and
Prince Albert.
1846
Works in Paris and London, exhibits
both large-scale Reception paintings at the Salon; paints
The Royal Family, as well as separate full-length portraits
of Queen Victoria, Prince Albert and the Prince of Wales in a
Sailor Suit; paints the King of the Belgians, Princess Augusta
of Prussia, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Duchesse d'Aumale
and Princesse de Joinville.
1847
Works in Paris and London, exhibits
The Royal Family at the St James's Palace in London; paints
Queen Victoria, Duchesse de Montpensier, and Prince August von
Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha.
1848
At the outbreak of the February
Revolution and the abdication of Louis-Philippe, Winterhalter
leaves Paris and works in England, Belgium and Switzerland, paints
Grand Duchess Anna Feodorovna of Russia.
1849
Works predominantly in England,
paints Queen Adelaide, numerous portraits of Queen Victoria's
children, Duchess of Kent and Duchess of Cambridge, British aristocracy
(including the Duchess of Sutherland), Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz,
Fürst and Fürstin von Sachsen-Meiningen; also works
in Belgium, and returns to Paris.
1850
Works in Paris and London, travels
to Karlsruhe; created member of Akademie Royale des Beaux-Arts,
Amsterdam; paints Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, future Queen
of Prussia, Duchess of Gloucester and Fürst zu Leiningen,
Queen Victoria's brother.
1851
Works in Paris and London; paints
The First of May, children of Queen Victoria and of Prince
and Princess Wilhelm of Prussia.
1852
Works in Paris and London, paints
Florinda, which he exhibits same year at the Royal Academy;
paints Queen Victoria, travels with Eduard Magnus to Madrid, where
he paints Isabel II, Queen of Spain; betrothed to Marie Scheffel,
but engagement later broken off. December: coup d'état
in Paris, Napoléon III becomes Emperor of the French.
1853
Works in Paris and London, travels
to Baden, exhibits at the Salon in Paris and at the Royal Academy
in London; receives first commissions from the Emperor and Empress
of the French and paints their State Portraits; also paints the
Fürst zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz,
Princess Augusta of Prussia and Countess Elzbieta Krasinska.
1854
Works mainly in Paris and London,
created Peintre Attiré de la Cour de Napoléon
III ; paints Empress Eugénie, Grand Duchess Sophie
of Baden, Maharajah Duleep Singh, King Pedro V of Portugal and
his brother, future King Luis of Portugal, and Countess Katazryna
Potocka.
1855
Works in Paris and London, invited
to be on the 1855 Salon Wards Jury along with Ingres and Delacroix;
paints Empress Eugénie Surrounded by her Ladies in Waiting,
which is exhibited with several other works at the Salon of the
1855 Exposition Universelle; also paints Queen Victoria and Prince
Albert, Queen Victoria's sister, the Fürstin zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg
and Grand Duke Friedrich I of Baden.
1856
Works mainly in Paris and London,
but also travels to Baden, Austria, Poland and Switzerland, exhibits
at the Royal Academy; paints Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia,
Queen Victoria, Fürst Karl Egon III zu Fürstenberg,
Russian and Polish aristocrats.
1857
Works mainly in Paris (2 rue de
la Chaussée d'Antin / studio at 64 rue de la Rochefoucauld)
and London, but also travels to Baden, Württemberg and Switzerland;
exhibits at the Salon; raised to the rank of Officier de la
Légion d'Honneur, paints Emperor Alexander II and Empress
Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, Emperor Napoléon III and
Empress Eugénie of the French, future King Karl I and Queen
Olga of Württemberg, Grand Duchess Luise of Baden, Crown
Prince Frederick and Crown Princess Victoria of Prussia, Grand
Duchesses Maria Nikolaevna and Olga Feodorovna of Russia, Russian
and Polish aristocrats.
1858
Works in Paris, travels to Germany
and Switzerland; awarded Knight of the Order of St Anne, 3rd Class
(Russian Empire); paints Langräfin Anne von Hessen, and Russian
aristocrats, most notably Princess Tatiana Youssoupova, Princess
Maria Worontzova, Princess Elizaveta Bariatinskaia, Sophia Naryshkina
and Varvara Rimskaia-Korsakova.
1859
Works mainly in Paris and London,
travels to Germany; awarded Order of the Red Eagle (Kingdom of
Prussia); exhibits at the Salon; paints state portraits of Queen
Victoria and Prince Albert, Grand Duke Konstantin and Grand Duchess
Alexandra Iossifovna of Russia, and of noted Russian aristocrats,
Princess Sophia Gagarina, Princess Maria Worontzova, Princess
Elizaveta Troubetzkaia and Countess Maria Lamsdorff.
1860
Works mainly in Paris, travels
to Germany, Baden, and England; paints Princess Pauline von Metternich,
Duchesse Carmen de Montmorency, Princess Elena Kotchubey, and
Princess Maria Obolenskaia.
1861
Works in Paris, exhibits at the
Salon; paints Empress Eugénie, state portraits of King
Wilhelm I & Queen Augusta of Prussia, and travels to London
to execute posthumous portraits of Prince Albert and Duchess of
Kent.
1862
Works in Paris, travels to Baden
and Berlin, exhibits at the 1862 London International Exhibition;
paints Empress Eugénie, Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of
Russia, Crown Princess Frederick and Crown Princess Victoria of
Prussia, Duchesse de Mouchy, Shouvalov, Abaza and Auffm'Ordt families.
1863
Works in Paris, travels to Brussels,
Baden and Stuttgart, exhibits at the Salon; paints Queen Sophie
of the Netherlands, future Queen Marie-Henriette of the Belgians,
Duchesse Sophie de Morny, the Duke of Hamilton, Lady Middleton,
the Bariatinsky family and the Wellesley sisters.
1864
Works in Paris, London and Vienna,
travels to Baden and Germany; exhibits at the Salon; paints Emperor
Napoléon III, Empress Eugénie and the Prince Imperial,
two portraits of Empress Elisabeth of Austria, Emperor Maximilian
and Empress Carlotta of Mexico, Queen Ekaterina of Mingrelia and
her children, Princess Sophia Radziwill, Varvara Rimskaia-Korsakova,
and the wedding portraits of the Prince and Princess of Wales.
1865
Works in Paris and Vienna, travels
to Baden; paints state portraits of Emperor Franz Joseph I and
Empress Elisabeth of Austria, King Karl I and Queen Olga of Württemberg,
Prince and Princess Belosselsky-Belozersky, Countess Maria Branicka;
and travels to Rosenau near Coburg to paint Queen Victoria's children.
1866
Works in Paris, paints Princess
Antonia of Hohenzollern and Fürst Christian von Schleswig-Holstein.
1867
Works in Paris, travels to Germany;
completes posthumous portrait of Prince Albert, which is presented
by Queen Victoria to the National Portrait Gallery; paints Mrs
Philip Vanderbyl and exhibits the portrait at the Royal Academy
in London; also paints the Grand Duke Ludwig IV of Hesse and by
the Rhine, Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Prussia.
1868
Works briefly in Paris, travels
to Munich and Italy; completes a self-portrait on the request
from the Uffizi Gallery, Florence, for their famous gallery of
artists' self-portraits; paints his last portrait of Queen Victoria,
a double portrait of sisters Alexandra, Princess of Wales, and
Grand Duchess Maria Feodorovna of Russia, of Mme Mélanie
Goldschmidt and Adelina Patti.
1869
Works briefly in Paris, takes an
extended holiday to the south of France and Switzerland; paints
identical portraits of sisters Queen Olga of Württemberg
and Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia.
1870
At the outbreak of French Revolution
and proclamation of the Republic, Winterhalter leaves for Switzerland.
1871-1872
Lives in Karlsruhe, moves in with
his brother to no 4 Friedricksplatz; paints a modest number of
portraits of Auffm'Ordt, von Metzler and von Grunelius families,
travels to Baden-Baden on Queen Victoria's request to paint her
sister, Fürstin zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg - the artist's last
commission for the Queen.
1873
Lives in Karlsruhe; travels on
invitation of von Metzler family in June to Frankfurt, where he
caught typhoid fever during an epidemic, and died on 8th July
at Diakonissen Krankenhaus, buried at the Frankfurt Cemetery.
Posthumously awarded another Order of Franz Joseph, and his first
retrospective exhibition was held in October same year at the
Kunsthalle in Baden.
